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What happens when you have hypertension?

When you have hypertension, your blood pressure is consistently higher than what is considered normal.

This higher pressure puts extra strain on your arteries and your heart over time. Here's what happens:

  • Arterial Strain: The constant high pressure causes your arteries to become narrower and less flexible. Indicates the pressure during the resting period between heartbeats.
  • Heart Strain: Your heart has to work harder to pump blood against the increased resistance in the narrowed arteries. Over time, this strain can lead to an enlarged heart muscle and potential weakening of the heart.
  • Risk of Damage: The increased pressure can damage the inner lining of the arteries, making them more susceptible to plaque buildup (atherosclerosis). This can further narrow the arteries and reduce blood flow to vital organs.
  • Organ Damage: Reduced blood flow to organs like the brain, heart, kidneys, and eyes can lead to serious complications. It increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney problems, vision issues, and other health complications.
  • Silent Nature: Hypertension often doesn't show noticeable symptoms in its early stages. This is why it's often referred to as the "silent killer." People may not realize they have hypertension until they experience a health crisis like a heart attack or stroke.
  • Risk Factors: Several factors contribute to hypertension, including genetics, lifestyle choices (like diet, physical activity, and smoking), stress, and certain underlying health conditions.

Managing hypertension typically involves lifestyle changes (such as a healthier diet, regular exercise, stress reduction, and quitting smoking), and in some cases, medication may be prescribed by a doctor to help lower blood pressure and reduce the associated risks. Regular monitoring and management are crucial to prevent complications and maintain overall health.

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